It allows you to later identify which commits where part of what feature. (Nested) branches of atomic commits allow you to introduce structure and meaning into your commit history.If you're using git stash, consider using branches, for stashes that live longer that your short term memory can remember.īranches allow you better describe what they contain and what your intention was consider vs experiments/round-robin-routing.This way of working is even possible if you have started the work on the feature on mainĬreate a branch for the feature (now HEAD, Main, and the newly created feature branch point all to the same commit), reset Main to the commit before you started working on the feature, and fix the bug. When you are working on a feature and suddenly discover a bug you can suspend work on the feature and switch to fixing the bug. Branches allow you to alternate working on several features/bug fixes.When you have an idea and are not sure whether it will work (or result in elegant code), you can create one or more branches try out the idea see what works best and pick that option. Branches allow you to experiment and play with your code.In addition to learning the git behaviour of your future team and learning more about git there are some more advantages to using branches: I do encourage you to become comfortable with branches but there's no one true way. Their strategy may also change depending on the repository and tools. You cannot, in advance, guess which strategy your future team will use. My current team uses a one feature-one branch strategy, so the first step of starting to work on a feature/bug/ticket is to create a branch locally, then do your work there, and then once done (and green, and reviewed), merge the branch into master. That was behind the curtains, though, and was invisible. My previous team used an "live-at-head" strategy, so we would all commit to the main branch - of course, we used CI & Pull-Request so in practice the CI created a branch, ran the tests on that, and then when approved rebased the branch on master and fast-forwarded it. Even on private repositories, setup your CI, with linter and test-suite, and get used to have every PR scrutinized.īranching is orthogonal to a green main branch, and mostly a matter of team preference. This is what you should be getting used to. In a team setting, it also means that starting work on a new feature may be hampered by first having to figure out whether the latest commit is green or not. And thus bisecting to find which version introduced an issue may not be possible.Pulling an older version to compare its behavior with the newer one may mean hitting a "dud" and encountering unrelated issues. The alternative (not all commits are green) mean that: That is, I can check it out, run the full test-suite, and it comes back green. Then, once you've completed the change, tested it, and verified that you're happy with the results, then you can merge it back into the main branch.Īny commit on the main branch should always be green. So my suggestion (when working by yourself) is: small and low-risk changes can go directly into the main branch, but if you're going to make a major and/or a risky change, create a side branch and make the change there first. In the worst-case scenario, you can just delete the messed-up side branch (or keep it but just never merge it back), and life can go on without requiring any cleanup of the main branch. The advantage of making changes in a separate branch is that if it all goes pear-shaped, you still have a perfectly functional main branch that you never damaged with your ill-fated changes. It also means that there is only one version of your program that needs testing, which increases the chances of you noticing and fixing any bugs that might creep in to your program (it's hard to notice a bug that's present only in a branch that you're not currently building from). The advantage of committing directly to the main branch is simplicity - if all of your changes are commited to the same branch, then you don't have to keep track of which changes were committed where, and you don't have to deal with (potentially messy) branch-merging later on.
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